1. What is your opinion of Irene and Gil? Did you like one more than the other? Do they bear equal responsibility for the state of their relationship, or do you see them more as victim and perpetrator? If so, which is which?

2. How would you describe their relationship? Do they love each other? What does love mean to Gil? What about Irene? How do they see their relationship? How did they express their feelings for each other? How did love become a destructive force for them? Was there any way they could have unwound the spiral of pain they shared?

3. Would you call their relationship unique, or are the passions and demons that drive them inherent in marriage itself?

4. Were Gil and Irene good parents? What role did their children play in their lives? How does Irene and Gil’s dysfunctional marriage affect their children? Would their marriage have been different if they had remained childless?

5. Why did Irene choose to keep a secret diary? Why not just confront Gil --- or walk away?

6. One of the central themes of the story is the friction between independence and control. Which character, ultimately, was the more controlling in the relationship? Did Irene truly wish to be free? What did independence mean to her?

7. Irene liked to lock herself in the bathroom for escape. “It was her nakedness. That she could be alone with her nakedness. And there was no demand on her nakedness, not from her husband, whose reaction to her nakedness was much too complex, nor from her babies…or even from the mirror, which demanded that she assess her nakedness as a woman does, through the eyes of others.” What did nakedness symbolize for her?

8. Does a woman lose her identity --- her sense of oneness with herself --- once she marries and has children? How can this sense of self be regained if it’s lost? Can we keep ourselves whole, or does the nature of relationships --- the opening of the self --- demand that we give away pieces of ourselves? Is this issue unique to women or do you believe that men confront it too? Did Gil?

9. Irene asks Gil, “Do you ever think about privacy, I mean, as a notion, how much people are entitled to it? How much people give up when they’re together, say, how much privacy is important or right?” How would you answer these questions?

10. Like many other artists, Gil painted Irene as “a way of trying to get at the essential mystery, the unknown essence, otherness, and it was also an act of fascinated love.” Irene believed she was transparent to him. Do you agree? And can art reveal that “essential mystery”? How?

11. What is the significance of art in the novel? How does the work of George Catlin, the subject of Irene’s thesis, parallel that of Gil? Were both artists stealing souls? Is the creative process parasitic in nature?

12. What does the title Shadow Tag mean? How much of Irene and Gil’s selves were overshadowed by the other? Do you believe Gil ultimately captured Irene’s shadow? Was that his goal? Did Irene possess Gil’s shadow?

13. Did alcohol mask their problems or unleash them? What role did it play in Gil’s creativity? Why do you think many artists have had problems with alcohol?

14. How much do their backgrounds as Native Americans influence their characters? What role does that heritage play in the story? What was the impact of their childhoods on the people they would become?

15. How did discovering her half-sister Louise, affect Irene? What role did Louise play in the story?

16. Did the novel’s ending shock you? What were your overall impressions of the story? What did you feel on finishing the novel? What insights did you glean into love, marriage, and family?

17. If you’ve read other books by Louise Erdrich, how does Shadow Tag fit into her oeuvre?